World War II The Great War - 1105 Words

Embroiling most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East and other regions, World War One pitted the Central Powers--mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey--against the Allies--mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war was virtually unprecedented in the slaughter, carnage and destruction it caused. World War 1 also known as â€Å"the Great War† was a horrifying, bloody four year conflict that killed some fourteen million people, collapsed empires and redrew large parts of the world’s map. †Though tensions had been brewing in Europe–and especially in the troubled Balkan region–for years before conflict†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Militarism, nationalism and imperialism played major roles in the conflict. They were not separate, they were all connected in one way or another. However the immediate cause of the war lay in the decision taken by statesmen and generals during the crisis of 1914.The crisis came after a lengthy and troublesome series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over Europe and colonial issues in the decades before 1914 that had left tension high. In turn, these diplomatics clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe since 1867. The more immediate cause for the war was tensions over territory in the Balkans. Austria-Hungary competed with Serbia and Russia for territory and influence in the region and they pulled the rest of the Great Powers into the conflict through their various alliances and treaties. World War 1 causes is one of the most studied in world history. There have been many interpretations and speculations about the events that led up to World War 1 but never-the-less, many lives were lost. The United States played a critical role in the outcome of World War 1. The U.S. tried very hard to remain neutral because they viewed the conflict as an affair that didn’t involve the United States. Woodrow Wilson, announced the neutrality policy adopted by America between the years 1914-1917. WilsonShow MoreRelatedWorld War II : The Great War1083 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War II The devastation left by the Great War (aka World War 1) had greatly destabilized Europe, and in many aspects World War II grew out of issues left unresolved by the conflicts of WW1. In particular, political and economic instability in Germany left by the harsh punishments and terms imposed by the Versailles Treaty, fueled the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party. In the years between the first and second world wars there was a time of great instability with aRead MoreWorld War II : The Great War1334 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War II The devastation of the Great War (as World War I was known at the time) had greatly destabilized Europe, and in many respects World War II grew out of issues left unresolved by that. In particular, political and economic instability in Germany and lingering resentment over the harsh terms imposed by the Versailles Treaty, fueled the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist (Nazi) Party. The years between the first and second world wars were a time of instability duringRead MoreWorld War II : The Great War884 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War 1 also known as The Great War started for a number of explanations; discrimination and imperialism, militarism nationalism, and alliance. According to the World of information imperialism is the policy which is expanding the country’s power and acquiring new land or countries by force. Militarism is when a country wants to preserve the strongest and most defensive military strength. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire where central powers of WW1 but the allied powers where FranceRead MoreWorld War II : The World s Second Great War960 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II-- also known as The Holocaust / The Genocide -- was the world s second Great War . World War II was much more larger in scale and more longer in duration. World War I had only lasted for four years, while World War II had lasted for six years. I f ind it quite interesting that contrary to popular belief; the United States did not enter World War II until 2 years after the genesis of the conflict. It was only in 1941, when the Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor that the United StatesRead MoreWorld War II And The Great Depression1658 Words   |  7 Pages The highly numbered risks of war have rigorous effects on societies around the world. World War II had positive and negative effects during and after the war. After the war, the formation of the United Nations helped negotiate and maintain peace, and during the war more jobs helped get the United States out of its biggest economic crisis, the Great Depression. Although, some economists argue that by creating more jobs during World War II, put America into even more debt than the country was alreadyRead MoreWorld War II : The Great Depression1543 Words   |  7 PagesDanielle Gentry Gary Damon American History II 10:00 MWF 25 April 2016 World War II Two decades after the first World War happen another world war occurred known as World War II. There were many causes that led up to this war. The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I, but Germany had to accept the responsibility of the war. Therefore, Germany economy went downhill and people were starving because of war debt. The Great Depression had a big effect on a lot of countries; therefore, countries startedRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagescatastrophes occurred: the Great Depression and World War II. American political leaders established a cause-effect relationship between economic collapse and total war, based on these two events, which defined their policy approach in the post-war period. In the 1930s, American leadership, and most importantly, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, came to view economic decline, political radicalization, and instability as forming a vicious cycle that led to utter chaos and war. Although FDR d id not knowRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II1507 Words   |  7 PagesFaced with the Great Depression and World War II, Franklin D. Roosevelt, nicknamed â€Å"FDR,† guided America through its greatest domestic crisis, with the exception of the Civil War, and its greatest foreign crisis. His presidency—which spanned twelve years—was unparalleled, not only in length but in scope. FDR took office with the country mired in a horrible and debilitating economic depression that not only sapped its material wealth and spiritual strength, but cast a pall over its future. RooseveltRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II1280 Words   |  6 PagesSisters of Growth Throughout the beginning of time people have used art to express themselves. With each major, and minor, there is an artist that captures the world as it is around him. There are also artists that create fiction to give the world and escape from reality. The medium of art that will be discussed in this essay will be film. Since the invention of Thomas Jefferson kinecto graph and the Lumiere brothers cinemtograph, films have continued to be the most popular entertainment methodsRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II955 Words   |  4 PagesIn America, the period between the Great Depression and World War II was rife with uncertainty. The struggles of the Great Depression were over, but their lasting effects shed doubt on America’s future. Persephone, was an attempt by Thomas Hart Benton in 1939 to cement regionalism as the official American art style during this era. However, despite his attempt to promote hope in America’s future, while still acknowledging the despair of the Great Depression, Persephone was regarded as obscene. Regionalism

Social Mobility and Stratification Essay - 980 Words

In America, common belief is that one born with nothing can work hard to gain anything, when this is clearly not the case. People accept meager wages and conditions with the idea that it is simply a stepping-stone to better things. What causes some people to view their disadvantages as being positive? The newspaper, â€Å"The Economist†, believes that the success of minority figures such as Obama define a high degree social mobility in American culture. Many are not improving from their parent’s positions, and few maintain it if not falling below. There are several factors including income inequality, family background and lack of opportunity for mobility that contribute to this decline. What are the disadvantages will we suffer as†¦show more content†¦For individuals supporting their family and making ends meet, they simply cannot afford to attend college without working full-time. Without financial aid, it is nearly impossible for disadvantaged students to at tend college, none the less pay for their heaping student loans. Government spending for community colleges alone has dropped by from $10 billion to about $2 billion in recent times according to â€Å"The Economist.† The people who come from families with a higher rating of wealth or economic status, are far more likely to be able to get their education and attain wealth. What does this mean for people who do not have financial assistance or sufficient parental income? Without access to an education, social mobility remains stalled in the long term, and the â€Å"rich-poor† gap grows wider. The connection between an education and gained wealth is clear; people who attend college and earn a degree have a much lower unemployment rate, and higher income versus people who did not attend college. According to â€Å"United States Department of Labor and Statistics,† people with a high school diploma or equivalent, face an unemployment rate of 10.3% down to 2.4% at a p rofessional degree versus an unemployment rate of 14.9% for Americans with less than a high school diploma. With fewer graduates, it will be more difficult for parents to pay their own children’s tuition, as many cannotShow MoreRelatedSocial Stratification Mobility Essay1797 Words   |  8 PagesSocial Stratification Mobility Individuals in today’s society are separated by many different factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, and economic status. Another form of separation is that of stratification. There are four major systems of stratification slavery, caste, estate, and class. â€Å"Social stratification means the differentiation of a given population into hierarchically superposed classes.†(Sorokin, 1964, p. 11) Stratification can either be in the form of an open or closed system. TheRead MoreSocial Stratification On Social Mobility And Income Equality Essay957 Words   |  4 Pages Jeff (Xiaotang) Jing SO 101: INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY SOCIAL STRATIFICATION IN THE PRESS AMERICA REGRESSED IN SOCIAL MOBILITY AND INCOME EQUALITY For a long time, Americans believe that anyone who works hard and follows the rules can own a house, raise a family and have a decent life. Believe it or not, social stratification and inequality were aggravated in the last decades in the United States. Social stratification is a sociological term for the systematic ranking of different groupsRead MoreStratification And Social Mobility On A Person s Chances For A Higher Life Expectancy Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesidea that stratification and social mobility can influence a person’s chances for a higher life expectancy is very possible. The concept of â€Å"stratification is defined as the structural ranking of an entire group of people that maintains unequal economic benefits and power within society.† This system allows individuals opportunities only based on the tier that they occupy. â€Å"There are four major systems of stratification which are slavery, caste, estate and class.† â€Å"The current stratif ication withinRead MoreSocial Stratification864 Words   |  4 PagesSOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND SOCIAL MOBILITY IN THE CARIBBEAN Presenter Ms. N. Lewis What is social Stratification? ï  ¬ This refers to the ranking of social groups according to one or more criteria deemed important to society. ï  ¬ The ranking indicates that some groups have more and others have less of what society values- for example, money, power and prestige. Types of stratification Systems There are two types of stratification systems: 1. Closed system of stratification 2. Open system of stratificationRead MoreSocial Stratification And Gender Inequality Essay1486 Words   |  6 Pagesmultiple forms of social stratification whether it may be social class, caste, slavery, race or even gender. Social stratification places groups of people in a hierarchy depending on their social status which is respective to their economic income. This in turn determines their social position in society. With social stratification comes social mobility. These two terms are commonly found together when describing social stratification. Social mobility is simply â€Å"the change of social status within societyRead MoreIntergenerational Mobility : From Sri Lanka982 Words   |  4 PagesIntergenerational Mobility; from Sri Lanka to Canada My father was a farmer in Sri Lanka and due to his financial situation, he couldn’t attain a proper education. After he immigrated to Canada he worked as a chef at a restaurant and he had financial stability. As a result of an unforeseen car accident, he lost his well-paying job and he works currently as a janitor for minimum wage. I might experience intergenerational mobility as I am currently studying in university with aspirations to becomeRead MoreSocial Stratification1358 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿SOCIAL SCIENCE 101 (Society and Culture with Population Education) Unit IV. Social Stratification Meaning of Social Stratification When sociologists speak of stratification, they are referring to social inequality and social ranking, thus, stresses the differences among people. Is an institutionalized pattern of inequality in which social categories ranked on the basis of their access to scarce resources. Is the hierarchy arrangement and establishment of social categories that evolveRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Stratification On Minorities1195 Words   |  5 Pages†¨During the course of this class I have learned about social problems within the society in which we live and around the world. It is disturbing to learn that poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization are among the social problems and controversial issues that still exist in the United States. What is Social Stratification Social stratification is defined as a system by which society ranks categoriesRead MoreSocial Stratification Has Good Consequences For Society1061 Words   |  5 Pagesthesis states that social stratification has good consequences for society. They argue societies may have different occupations or tasks that these jobs differ in their importance to society. They believed this encourages people to work harder and be more efficient in their jobs, ultimately benefiting society. 2.  List and define three different systems of stratification in society. The three different systems of social stratification in society are slavery, castes, and social classes. SlaveryRead Morecauses of social stratification in named caribbean society809 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion: Describe the causes of social stratification in the Caribbean countries. In every known human society there is form of social inequality. This system was derived from events that took place some years ago. Social stratification can be class under the system of Plantation System and Social Mobility. According to Jenniffer Mohammed- Caribbean studies (2011). This rank or position in the social hierarchy is the lowest stratification occupied by the poorest groups

Australian Exchange Rate-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. If investors expect an increase in the interest rate paid on US deposits, how the Australian exchange rate will change? Explain. 2. If there is a permanent exogenous decrease in the US money supply, please discuss its short run and long run effects on the US and Australian money markets, and the exchange rate, US$/AU$. 3. On 22nd of March 2018, US Federal Reserve raised interest rate by 0.25%. Correspondingly, however, Australian dollar (AU$) appreciated relative to the US dollar. Please search relevant information and use what you have learnt from this unit to explain this AU$ appreciation. Answers: 1.According to the investment theory, if there is rise in interest rate, then the aggregate private investment level will tend to rise (Friedman 2017). Considering the given scenario, where US and Australia is indulged in investment, if there is expected rise in return in US deposits, then more people from Australia will investment in the US banks. With rise in the investment flow from Australia to US market, there will be enhanced demand scenario in front of the US dollar and on the other hand demand of the Australian dollar will subsequently fall (Keynes 2016). With lower demand of the Australian dollar exchange rate of the country will eventually get depreciated. Thus if there is future expectation that interest rate paid on US deposits will increase, then it will depreciate the Australian exchange rate. Figure 1: Exchange rate framework Source: (Created by Author) Figure 1 highlights the exchange rate framework. From the above figure it can be seen that initial equilibrium between the AUD and USD takes place at point 1, where the dollar rate of return is R$. Now, if there is expectation regarding the rise in the dollar return from the US deposits, then it will force the expected return curve to move upward (marked with the blue expected return curve). Hypothetically if it is assumed that new equilibrium takes place at point 2, then it will enhance the exchange rate on behalf of the US. Contrary to this, exchange rate of the AUD will subsequently fall from its initial point (Point 2017). Thus, to conclude it can be said that if there is expected rise in interest rate paid on US deposits, then it will depreciate the Australian dollar. 2.Decrease in money supply cause differently to the economy on different period. For instance if there is decrease in exogenous money supply then it would reduce the money velocity and will lead to appreciation of USD compared to the other currency (Haberler 2017). Considering the given scenario of money supply if there is decrease in money supply in the US, then it would cause differently on different scenario. Appreciation of the money supply will reduce the export of the US goods in Australian economy and in long run it would hamper the US exchange depreciating the USD/AUD exchange rate. With reduced money supply, however, in long run the scenario will be different. For instance if there is appreciation in the exchange rate through exogenous decrease in the US money supply, then US regulatory agency will consider the monetary reformation (Bahmani and Saha 2015). Government of US would increase the money supply through monetary reformation policy. Increase in money supply will infl uence the aggregate demand and in addition it will reduce the interest rate. Through reduction in the interest rate in long run economy of US will adjust the exchange rate with Australian economy which will enhance the bilateral trade. On the other hand Australian money market will take contractionary monetary plan that can help the economy to withstand higher investment from US economy. Figure 2: Money supply framework Source: (Created by Author) Considering the figure 2, it can be seen that if there is permanent decrease in US money supply, then it would lead the money supply curve downward causing change in equilibrium from 1 to 2. From the second panel of the figure 2, it can be seen that money supply in US economy will increase in long run and in short run it will lower than the US real money supply requirement. On the other hand decreased exogenous money supply will lead to fall in the exchange rate of USD/AUD. Interest rate of the US economy will fall and through fall in the interest rate of the US economy, investors will invest in more amount in the Australian economy (Serrano and Summa 2015). This rise in investment in the Australian economy will appreciate the countrys economy while it would deteriorate the trade for the Australia too. Thus, if there is reduction in the exogenous money supply in US economy, then it would reduce the trade balance for both the countries while enhancing the exchange rate higher for the Australia and US too. On the other hand money market of the US will suffer from reduced liquidity while Australian money market will face boom in liquidity in short run, however, in long run it both the economies will take monetary policies to gauge the situation. 3.General theory of interest rate and inflation highlights that, if there is rise in interest rate in one trade participating nation, then it will lead to depreciation of exchange rate of another countrys exchange rate (Grauwe 2018). However, if there is rise in exchange rate in one trade participating nation and the other appreciates then it can be seen that the government of the other trade participating nation has been able to signaling the investors that there will be expected exchange rate appreciation of the countrys currency. In turn it later lead to appreciation of the spot exchange rate of the country that helps it to have better trade situation. Considering the case of Australia and US, it can be seen that long are those days gone, when Australian policy makers used to mechanistically follow the US Fed principles (Chung 2018). Australian now being driving on its economic growth for last 27 years, it is strong enough in front of small Fed hikes like mentioned in the given question (McCombie and Thirlwall 2016). Contrary to this US economy has been recently ailing from the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, which caused a crippling blow to the economy (Tenreyro and Thwaites 2016). Interest rate of the US economy during those days were lowest among all developed nations that allowed it to face currency depreciation and the economy was tremendous turmoil. However, contrary to this, Australian economy is stable enough since last three decades that has provided it much needed strength to withstand against ailing USD. According to the (Haberler 2017), appreciating the AUD is essential for the countrys regulatory authority in order to hold the rebalancing mining investment and in addition to this cost of borrowing can be affordable with the appreciated AUD. Thus, though there has been rise in the interest rate in US, Australian dollar yet has been appreciated. References: Bahmani-Oskooee, M. and Saha, S., 2015. On the relation between stock prices and exchange rates: a review article.Journal of Economic Studies,42(4), pp.707-732. Chung, F. (2018).What the US rate rise means for Australia. [online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/australian-economy/what-the-us-rate-rise-means-for-australia/news-story/f5377d654039b5a14457f6df561e6e1b [Accessed 8 Apr. 2018]. De Grauwe, P., 2018.Economics of monetary union. Oxford university press. Friedman, M., 2017. Quantity theory of money.The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, pp.1-31. Haberler, G., 2017.Prosperity and depression: A theoretical analysis of cyclical movements. Routledge. Keynes, J.M., 2016.General theory of employment, interest and money. Atlantic Publishers Dist. McCombie, J. and Thirlwall, A.P., 2016.Economic growth and the balance-of-payments constraint. Springer. Pigou, A., 2017.The economics of welfare. Routledge. Serrano, F. and Summa, R., 2015. MundellFleming without the LM curve: the exogenous interest rate in an open economy.Review of Keynesian Economics,3(2), pp.248-268. Tenreyro, S. and Thwaites, G., 2016. Pushing on a string: US monetary policy is less powerful in recessions.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,8(4), pp.43-74.

Outline For Jules Verne Speech Essays - Jules Verne,

Outline For Jule's Verne Speech Outline 1. Attention getter A journey to the center of the earth From the Earth to the moon Twenty thousand leagues under the sea Around the world in eighty days are just a few titles, this are just s few examples of the great adventurous, scientific and imaginative novels Jules Verne wrote. 2. Purpose Today i would like to inform you about this great man, Jules Verne, this genius consider the Father of Science Fiction. 3. Thesis Jules Verne was and is still know as a great author, a scientist and a well-rounded man 4. Transition to body of the speech So to start out we can go deeply on some of these aspects of his life. 5. Body a) Jules Gabriel Verne was born in 1828, in Nates, France. He was an adventurous child. He ran away once as a child, when he was eleven years old to be exact; and came upon a small boy who was crying. The boy said he had to leave his family on a ship, but he didn't want to, so for a small sum the boy agreed to let Jules take his place. He thought he was going to have an adventure but his father caught up with the ship before it got very far and took Jules home to punish him. Jules said that after that he would only travel in his imagination, and he certainly did. Speech and Communications

AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION essays

AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION essays During part of Thomas Jefferson and Jacksons presidency, what we now call the American Industrial Revolution took place. It was an era filled with bursts of technology and immigration. This era seemed to hurt the young country, however. But for the most part, the American Industrial Revolution forever benefit the well-being of the young nation. There were many aspects of the industrial revolution that came into part and played major roles in determining the success (or to some, failures) of this era. One might remember this revolution to be famous for factories, womens rights and other social changes, and economic changes in trade. It is true that this era was famous for these (or to some, infamous), and although not all effects of the revolution were good, it is a firm belief that the good everlasting effects definitely outweighed the bad. With that said, the Industrial revolution benefit the United States to a great extent that surpassed what was hurt in the process. For much of the people that lived during that era, it was very common for one to work in the factory. And there is no denying that the workplace was a horrendous environment. It was unsafe. During that time, it did hurt the people because they lived in lowly places and had long hours with little pay. But time and time again, we will see that we need to fall in order to get up and become stronger. For you see, factories benefit us greatly. It increased mass manufacturing, which in turn helped feed the masses of immigrants that flocked to the United States. Through companies such as the Lowell Factory, they were able to mass produce cotton cloth by power machinery in a building. That was the first time in world history. Factory workers and factories during this revolution are practically the roots of where our mass production of goods come from. If factories did not become so popular, the nation would not have been as industrialized. If the na...

Free Template How to Format a Romance Novel

Free Template How to Format a Romance Novel A new romance book template... that's made for you Earlier in the year, we sent out an April Fool's email suggesting that we were turning Reedsy into a dating service for lovelorn authors. From the kind replies we received, it became clear that more than a few of you have a soft spot for romance...If you're one of the 10% of Reedsians currently writing romance, we've prepared a little surprise: a belated Valentine's gift, you could call it.Typeset your love story for free, with our new romance export  template for the Reedsy Book Editor! I hope you'll enjoy this new EPUB and print-ready PDF template. The team and I really look forward to seeing the books you create with it. Why not launch the Reedsy Book Editor  and export your book to check it out!But what even is the Reedsy Book Editor? And how do I access it?Great question! The Reedsy Book Editor is a free, but  advanced book production tool. Import your manuscript then typeset it  to beautifully formatted print-ready PDF and EPUB files. Liberate your prose  from Word and give our typesetting tool a spin. Exporting your book with the romance book templateOnce you are happy with the formatting of your book, hit the  export button located in  the top right-hand corner of the Reedsy Book Editor. Then hit export! Simple, your files will be available to download within seconds.  You'll be on your way to the romance hall of fame in no time!To learn more about the Reedsy Book Editor check out our post on how to format  your book.  Ã‚  Alternatively, if you can stand the sound of my voice check out this short video:

Problems faced by mortgagors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Problems faced by mortgagors - Essay Example It is because of this reason that mortgage products have become very popular across the world and they have enabled many people become homeowners. However, mortgage facilities present certain problems to the borrowers, which will be discussed in this present essay and even how they affect the economy of the United States. Secondly, the essay will discuss recent act of legislations or proposal by the United States’ federal government that pertains to the problems that would be highlighted. The nature of mortgage facility is that the borrower pays a monthly premium plus interest which is flexible meaning that the rate of the interest may increase or decrease depending on the market condition. Baily stated that borrowers’ problems usually arise when the rate of interest in the mortgage market increases while their income, which they use to repay the mortgage, remains steady (68-71). This therefore, creates a scenario whereby the borrower is unable to satisfactory pay the m onthly premiums and interest, which then forces the bank to enact the foreclosure agreement that would leave the borrower homeless. Such a problem derails the entire economic growth of the United States, which is still on a recovery phase, and unemployment is still an issue since according to Baily lower purchasing power by the consumers who are servicing high interest rate means low demand for goods and products (33-35). Bolà ©at and Coles also lamented that presently borrowers have been locked with high interest rates despite the fact.

Philosophy of Special Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy of Special Education - Research Paper Example people who are enabled differently, to cope with the rest of the society, it becomes imperative and key that such students would be taught in schools. To begin with, school would be necessary to enhance the civic aspect and cognitive abilities of the special needs students. The things they would learn in school would sharpen their cognitive abilities and acuity towards the same goal and objective. Secondly, the school setting and environment would improve the emotional acuity and sharpness. The fact that a student gets to share the same environment with others means that different emotions such as extreme happiness and sadness get to occur in such a place. If for instance, in one day such a student gets extremely overjoyed and the minute he or she is annoyed, after some time, the student would find the right level of emotional balance. Subsequently, a school would enable such a student with special needs and special abilities to develop vocational skills and talents which would enable him or her to earn a livelihood (Spring, 2013, p. 19). Given the fact that the intelligence disposition and quotient of the special needs students or people may not allow them to pursue professional courses such as medicine, they would instead pursue vocational courses. At the long end, they would use their vocational skills and trainings to earn livelihoods and lead descent independent lives. Equally important is that schools help the special needs people or students to develop and grow their social lives. It is only through interacting with other people that one gets to develop and practice interpersonal skills such as talking, communicating, relating, apologizing, and showing gratitude amongst other social abilities. A school would also a special need student to develop moral responsibility and care so that he or she would be a co mplete person in the human society, able to relate and co-exist with others. These learner with special skills and abilities may in the ordinary sense

Closing Guantanamo Prison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Closing Guantanamo Prison - Essay Example Indeed, the United Kingdom has even called for the United States to shut down Guantanamo Bay (‘UK told US won’t shut Guantanamo’). This essay considers a number of contentions regarding the importance of keeping Guantanamo Prison a functioning detention center, and then ultimately argues that after considering the arguments and evidence that the detention facility should be closed. When considering the potential closing of Guantanamo Bay prison there are a number of objections individuals have levied to this proposal. One of the central objections in these regards concerns the intelligence that could have been potentially gained in the interrogation procedures that were conducted there during and immediately after the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. During this period extensive water-boarding interrogation procedures were conducted with individuals that had been identified as major terrorists and believed to have information that was essential to United States war efforts in the Middle East. Governmental investigations into Guantanamo have even at times supported the detaining of prisoners in the facility. A recent Washington Post report stated, â€Å"A Justice Department-led task force has concluded that nearly 50 of the 196 detainees at the U.S. military prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, should be held indefinitely without trial under the laws of war, according to Obama administration officials† (Finn 2010). Still, many reports have indicated the growing levels of torture implemented at the facility. Hyland (2004) indicated that, â€Å"Three Britons freed from Guantanamo Bay in March have released a 115-page dossier accusing the US of carrying out torture and sexual degradation at the military concentration camp in Cuba.† Even as in large part these activities were deemed near torture by human rights groups, they were still allowed to occur as they were carried out within the confines of Guantanamo. When considering the evid ence, it’s shown these interrogation methods are entirely ineffective. Research indicates that overly intensive interrogation methods have been demonstrated to be ineffective in gaining information, and oftentimes lead to false information (Butler 2007). This is particularly clear in the instance of Guantanamo Bay interrogations. Butler (2007, pg. 63) writes, Often all that is gained by aggressive interrogative techniques are false confessions. For example, Asif Iqbal gave interrogators a false confession. After extensive interrogation, he finally admitted that he was, indeed, in the videotape with Osama Bin Laden†¦Later, the British intelligence found proof that Asif Iqbal†¦had been in England at the time the video was made Indeed, the argument is that rather than actually being an effective method of gathering intelligence information, these interrogation methods resulted in false information being gathered. When one considers the issues more intently further evid ence points to this rebuttal being correct. Debeaux (2005) even indicated that a number of detainees were even gathered through a bounty system that was in place between Afghanis and United States’ forces; when one considers this, the increased potential for misinformation is greatly increased. Ultimately this makes it so that the main benefit of keeping this prison open is negated

Training Needs Analysis (TNA) Cycle

Training Needs Analysis (TNA) Cycle Training Needs Analysis (TNA) is the first stage in the systemic training cycle and is also a process the training and human capital professionals undertake to identify any gaps in employee knowledge. The systemic training cycle comprises of the following stages: training design, training delivery, and evaluation). The basic of a basic structure for a modern effective and socially responsible training and development policy is the assessment of the gaps that exist between what the employee actually has and what they require in terms of skills, knowledge and attitudes in term of process. However, the nature and purpose of a TNA can have different meaning and perspectives depending upon the various people and organizations in the process, resulting in misunderstanding about expectations and what can be achieved. Boy dell (1976); one of the earliest writers about TNA, proposed a systematic approach to training needs that had its origins in analyzing requirement through a method based on organizational objectives. It is important that a training policy must provide the basic system and management guide for the people who are involved with the process of designing and developing training manuals within the organization-for example whether manuals must contain the training policy; whether manuals are course-specific or job-specific or departmental specific; who is responsible for designing and whether the media formats of manuals are printed, online, etc Boydell (1976, P.4) stated that A training need exits when the application of systematic training will serve to overcome a particular weakness. He also argued that, The identification of training need must therefore be resolved before training itself can be usefully undertaken. A TNA is an effective way to identify any gap between the skills a business need and those that employees have. It involves gathering information to locate areas where employees could improve the performance, Employee surveys, management observations, customer comment, company meeting and inspection can be utilized to collect this information, A TNA can assist in clarifying the objectives in training staff and this is invaluable for ensuring that money is spent on training that will enhance that achievement of the business objectives. Bartram and Gibson (1994) stated that, Analyzing training needs provides a focus and direction for investment on organization has to make in its people.Similarly, Bee and Bee (2003) asserted that business to close any performance gap. To carry out a TNA, you need to: Analyze your business goals and skills to meet these goals. Determine whether you are changing your products or business processes and what information or training employees will need to be effective in their job. Evaluate who you want to train and how best to reach them Establish how staff will best accept and integrate training and their preferred learning method Evaluate the training in place and decide what your company can and cannot provide in the way of in house training funding and time. Assess which consultants or training provides can fill these gaps. Take a decision on which type of training fits your needs best. Two political considerations influence TNAs were noted by Read (1994) They are: establishing who has ownership of the TNA will indicate whether the finding are ignored or implemented and the person who actually pas for it will indicate the real client, who is normally senior management. However, this systematic approach to TNA inclines to concentrate largely on organizational perspectives. Reid and Barrington (1999) recognized these perspectives, but asserted that these needs can occasionally conflict, e.g. long-term development for an individual and lack of promotion chances may be at variance with each other. It is important to assess kills gaps at all leers of the business. Learning and development are on-going and pro-active (Sloman, 2003). They should not have to wait for business needs and training objectives to be set before embarking on a program. Thus, individuals need to be more responsible for their own learning, rather than waiting for the organization to guide them. Seeking employee input can be particularly revealing as they are ore likely to experience the daily problems that arises when there is a skills gap. This makes them well placed to identify the skills and training they need in order to improve performance. The Meaning of TNA for Different Groups Potential conflicts between the organization managers and recipients about the ownership and purpose of TNA are unhelpful and counter-productive. Research was conducted among three separate groups to examine their understanding of TNA and identify similarities and differences, in order to help in resolving some of the misunderstandings. Passenger transport managers who had been recently queried about training needs; Training managers from other organizations and responsibility from TNA, and Training consultants who work independently and who predominantly design and deliver training based prior TNA investigations. Data collection involved the distribution of the different questionnaires about the purpose and process of conducting TNA to the three groups above. Most of the questions were similar across the groups with additional ones being directed to specific groups depending upon their background. Following u are individual interviews involving each of the groups. The facts were then studied using grounded theory (a method which involves developing a theory derived from the themes emerging from the data). It can be gathered form the table that there are both commonalities and some noticeable differences expressed that business needs were a dominant focus for all groups and that this should be constantly considered throughout the systematic training cycle. Conclusions and Recommendations The analysis revealed a number of findings to which recommendations have been made: Business needs emerged as the main focus of training needs analysis. These business need should be clearly communicated. From an individual perspective, the person may wish to learn different knowledge, skills, and attitudes atc, than those prescribed by the organization. It may be advisable to consider both sets of needs. The various people involved with the TNA process should be aware of their part in the whole process. This should involve clear communication about its purpose, the process and decisions about training will be made. Personnel involving with TNA should be aware of the expectations arising from those who are on the receiving end of the investigation. Often, genuine concerns were raised which were ignored because there are more important priorities, but if so, this should be communicated sensitively. A clear and transparent process will enhance trust in the process and the organization. It will also encourage those in human resource and other management positions to create a more democratic process. Defining Training According to Nadler (1984): Training is the organizational activity which aims to improve an employees performance. Education consists of activities designed to prepare employees for future jobs. Development is those learning activities designed to help the individual employee grow but which are not confined to a particular job. Nearly all companies provide training for their employees but there is a great variation in the amount of educational and developmental activities organized by firms. Training maybe defined as the attempt by an organization to change employees through the learning process so that they are able to execute their jobs as efficiently as possible. Training programmes must be designed to maximize learning. Training may or may not be conducted in a classroom. Learning can take place in a variety of situation, none of which requires a classroom. The Benefits of Training In general, the benefits of training outweigh its costs, even when those positive outcome cannot be evaluated in financial terms. Robert Steinbach (2004) says, Inadequate training leads to poor performance, angry customers and high turnover exactly the kind of problems that keep supervisors too busy to focus or training. Talk about a vicious circle! The advantages of effective training include: Training increases workers productivity Training increases workers job satisfaction Training keeps workers skills and knowledge up-to-date Training helps to motivate workers Training helps to increase worker productivity by improving their ability to do their current job. Learning organizations take proactive steps to retain employees knowledge within the organization. Training is a major financial investment for the employer and reasonable returns are expected. A systemic approach to training is the best way to ensure effective training. The steps to be followed in organizing a training programme are listed below: Identify Training Needs Set training Objectives Design the Training Programme Implement the Training Programme Evaluate the Training Programme Before organizing a training programme, a training needs analysis should be carried out. Timothy Ho Ha Yin (2003) describe a training needs as the gap between an actual situation and the desired situation. Situation may refer to job performance, knowledge, skills, behavior or attitudes. In other word, gap analysis indentifies the difference between what is actually happening and what was planned to happen. The training needs assessment is best conducted upfront, before training solutions are budgeted, designed and delivered. The output of the needs analysis will be a document that specifies why, why, what, who, when, where and how. The document should contain the following questions: Why do people need the training? What skills need imparting? Who needs the training? When will they need the new skills? Where may the training be conducted? How may the new skills be imparted? Thus training is needed when: Individual workers are facing difficulties in performing their jobs satisfactorily. New workers are hired. New technology and procedures are introduced. Individuals are transferred or promoted. A major change such as a merger takes place. In clarifying the purpose of the Training Needs Analysis (TNA), the following should be considered: At the organization level? At the project level for a specific project? or At the department level for specific employees? Your answers to these questions will decide: Who will conduct the Training Needs Analysis (TNA) How the Training Needs Analysis (TNA) will be conducted and What data sources will be used To carry out an analysis of the employees training needs, certain steps should be followed: Identify a performance problem Decide whether the problem is serious enough to justify action Identify the cause of the problem Produce alternative solutions to the problem Choose the best solution and implement Training Needs Analysis (TNA) must be carried out continuously as there is no short-cut to effective training and those involved in indentifying needs may: Require supervisors to prepare a report on the training needs of each and every worker reporting to them, especially new staff undergoing probation. Require all workers to periodically assess their own knowledge and skills and apply to attend training in areas in which they are weak. Require workers to evaluate the strengths and weakness of supervisors, so that appropriate training can be organized for and supervisors who are unable to effectively manage their sections well. The focus of these involved in organizing training must be the needs of the employees and the organization. To ensure only, relevant programmes are offered, some organizations utilize a competency approach whereby a careful analysis is conducted of each job grouping in the organization to identify the competencies heeded by employees at various levels in the job concerned. An example is shown below: Set Training Objectives As the main aim of training is to improve employees abilities and performance on the job, hence clear and specific objectives for each programme must be tabled. The objectives should be quantified as measurable objectives which are crucial in the evaluating process. They also act as a guideline to the trainee as what is expected of him/her. As Mager (1984) says If you know where you are going, you have a better chance of getting there. An ideal training programme objective comprises of three parts and includes a statement of: Terminal behavior Standards to be achieved Conditions of performance Training Needs Analysis Method Employee Performance Appraisal During the final part of the performance appraisal discussion, each workers manager discusses training and development needs. In general, the manager constructs an employee Performance Development Plan in collaboration with the employee being appraised. The Plan takes into consideration: the organizations strategies and plans agreed employee goals and targets the employees performance results the employees role description feedback from internal/external customers and stakeholders, and the employees state career aspirations Improvement Project To carry out this successfully, the performance consultant needs to be familiar in process improvement methods and employee motivation theory and practice. Examples of improvement projects include planned and structured attempts to decrease the incidence of product defects, increase sales volume and reduce the number of customer complaints. The causes of underperformance needs to be determined through a series of structured questions. Possible causes and solutions are discussed and training solutions identified, where appropriate. When training is identified as suitable solution, we recommend a training needs analysis questionnaire (with the suitable stakeholders) which will give you the information needed to the program design phase. An effective Training Needs Analysis questionnaire worksheet will cover at least the following areas: Training Needs Analysis Context: Project Sponsor Reason for Request Participant Roles Organizational Objectives Training Program Objectives Target Population Number of Participants Location Department Education/Experience Background Current Job Experience Current Performance vs Expected Performance Language/Cultural Differences Anticipated Attitudes Task Description Task Description Frequency Proficiency Performance Criteria Conditions Underpinning Knowledge Constructing a Training Calendar The main objective of this tool is to ensure that it needs to be tailored for your specific organizations real needs as many managers are not skilled in identifying which of their problems can be solved by training and which cannot. Make sure you engage in constructive communication about what their real problems are and which of them can be addressed through training. Consult your management team by studying which of the following areas required to be included in your training calendar: management, leadership and supervision skills soft skills, such as communication and conflict resolution environment, health and safety human resource processes, such as performance management business skills, such as strategy, planning and process improvement technical line and staff skills such as telephone etiquette and inventory management Data Sources In conducting a Training Needs Analysis (TNA), a number of factors have to be considered before selecting which data sources. These factors include: the amount of time you have available the human resources you have available the level of accuracy you require the reliability of each data source the accessibility of each data source The data sources that you have available may include: interviews/surveys with supervisors/managers interview/surveys with employees employee performance appraisal documents organizations strategic planning documents organization/department operational plans organization/department key performance indicators customer complaints critical incidents product/service quality data Techniques for Determining Specific Training Needs A number of practical methods can be used to gather data about employees performance. None of these methods can stand alone. Always use at least two. One of those that should be chosen should always be observation. Observation Interviews Questionnaires Job Descriptions The Difficulty Analysis Problem Solving Conference Appraisal Reviews Drive Pattern Identity Analysis of organizational Policy Whatever the method used to identify training needs, at least the following three points must be kept in view: These methods should be used in combination, that is, there should be no dependence on only one method. They may be used to identify training needs of each of the various groups of employees. They should be applied to individual employees since training needs vary with each employee. Sales Staff Training Needs Analysis Telecoms Malaysia, a major telecommunication provider, is hiring sales staff for its business. The skills included are important in our sales representatives who are dealing with customers directly, Thank you for your time completing this analysis. At Telecoms Malaysia we are examining our human resources needs and exploring what can be done to provide our employees with the resources and materials you need in order to do your job most effectively. Building sales competencies will be a critical strategy for growth and planning. Thank you for your time and energy in making Telecoms Malaysia the best it can be. In the questionnaire below, place a check mark in the column that reflects your current level of skill or ability for each skill listed. Rank your skills on a sliding scale, with 1 being poor or beginner-level skills and 5 being strong skills or more advanced experience in that area. Your responses will help us determine your current skill set, so we can plan the most effective training program to help you excel at your job. How to Use this Training Needs Analysis Questionnaire Whenever youre conducting a training needs analysis, youre looking to evaluate the current skills of your staff so you can figure out what areas they need the most training in. Having a proper training plan in place means that workers can work more productively and efficiently, because theyll have the skills they need to get the job done right. After distributing a training needs analysis questionnaire like the one above, you have to analyze the results. The first step of doing that is deciding which of the skills listed are the most important to your business. Mark them or highlight them. Then look at those most important skills and see which of them has the lowest ranking based on employee feedback (the most 1s and 2s for example). These should be your priority areas for employee training. Theyre the weakest skill sets in the most important areas for your company. Once youve taken care of training in those areas, you can decide if the questionnaire results show training in other, less important, areas is also worth pursuing.

The Role of Cleopatras Children in Defining Her Character :: Egypt History Queen Essays

The Role of Cleopatra's Children in Defining Her Character Abstract There are few roles that Cleopatra has not been made to fulfill. She is queen, goddess, lover, whore, wife, witch. Yet it is her role as mother that most defines how she is to be perceived, and which of these other roles she will take on in a given work of literature. Cleopatra's children, or the absence of them, play a definitive role in characterizing Cleopatra. When Cleopatra is childless, she acts like a child herself, either petty and selfish or so deeply in love that she ignores all else. When she has children, however, her role as mother extends far beyond her actual offspring and encompasses all of Egypt. Her protectiveness of her children is used to mirror her protectiveness of Egypt-if she is a good mother than she is also a good queen. Whether she is a good mother, a bad mother, or no mother at all is used by every author or director to characterize Cleopatra as a woman and as a symbol. The Total Absence of Children Cleopatra's childlessness in literature and film is meant to allow her to be viewed as childish herself. Egypt is of little importance to her. She cares deeply only for love and pleasure, or for nothing at all. Not only is she not yet a queen, but she may never be. In Bernard Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra, Cleopatra is both chronologically and mentally a child. Not only do she and Caesar not have children together, they do not even have a sexual relationship. Shaw "makes Cleopatra, who was probably about nineteen or twenty when Caesar arrived in Egypt, into an emotionally and intellectually retarded sixteen year old who pouts and prattles...peeping out from behind her nurse like a bashful toddler" (Hughes-Hallet 252). In order change Caesar from a lover into a father-figure, Shaw turns Cleopatra into a helpless but petty infant; he glorifies Caesar's character at the detriment of Cleopatra's. After her altogether pointless and foolish carpet scene that actually costs the lives of Roman soldiers, Caesar says to a scared and clinging Cleopatra, "My poor child, your life matters little here to anyone but yourself" (Shaw 84). Not only is Shaw's Cleopatra childish and indifferent to the plight of Egypt, but she is completely useless. Even Caesar, with whom she has the closest relationship to in the play, who takes on the role of a father, does not really care whether she lives or dies.

Stylistic Analysis of “Arrowsmith” by Sinclair Lewis

Text Analyses â€Å"Arrowsmith† by Sinclair Lewis Starting reading the extract from the novel of the first American awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature one can predict that the whole book is quite subjective. The description of the geographical position of the state Winnemac and its largest city makes exactly such impression. But when the reader goes on he faces really vivid examples of hyperbola, epithets, zeugma, metaphors and other stylistic devices. One becomes immersed in the bright, humorous and at the same time critical world of Sinclair Lewis.The author mocks at the weak points of education, at ridiculous university traditions and the life of students in general. The title of the story â€Å"Arrowsmith† depicts the surname of the main character. It is a quite rare English surname. The second part of the compound â€Å"Smith† means a person who does something extraordinary. An arrow is usually associated with reaching a goal. The surname Arrowsmith is su itable for a person who is initiative, able to think critically, who is patient and persuasive in doing his job.Martin Arrowsmith is just this type of a person. For his shyness he is an attractive young man devoted to his studying. The author describes his university experience. The story is a 3-d person narration. It emphasizes that the author is not a participant of the events but just an observer. The description of the university of Winnemac is full of exaggeration . Its comparison to Oxford and Harvard, â€Å"its buildings measured by the mile† are good examples of hyperbole.The enumeration of the disciplines taught at Winnemac is used to show the great variety of useless subjects that students should cope with and to depict the broad specialization of universities where Doctors of Philosophy just â€Å"give rapid instructions†. Sinclair Levis says that such variety of subjects can’t guarantee a good quality of education. The epithets â€Å"leisury nonsenc e†, â€Å" snobbish college† are contradicted by a bright metaphor – the university â€Å"is a mill to turn out men and women who will lead moral lives†¦Ã¢â‚¬  .All these devices help the reader to catch the sight of irony which is used more vividly in the sentence where the university is compared to a Ford Motor Factory. It is also a metaphor and this hidden comparison is used to mention that the work of a college is standardized and there is no ground for developing creative thinking, different from the standard one. Everything is designed to produce ordinary people ready to serve for the society. The characteristic of Martin is also very bright. Talking about his prospects the author uses enumeration: a respectable runner, a fair basketball center, a savage hockey player.The example of metaphor is â€Å"The University has become his world†. It puts emphasis on Martin’s loneliness and devotion to studying. Describing Digamma Pi Sinclair Lew is uses zeugma: â€Å"It was a lively boarding-house with a billiard table and low prices†, â€Å"In a fraternity, all tennis rackets, trousers and opinions are held in common†. Then goes oxymoron â€Å"comfortably immoral† . Everything depicts the doubtful reputation of the fraternity. The conversation between Martin and Ira Hinkley is spiced with antithesis â€Å"high ideals- tortured bodies† and oxymoron â€Å"rottenest advantages†.But the most vivid is the description of Fatty Pfaff. Here Sinclair Lewis uses irony saying that he was â€Å"the most useful to Digamma Pi†, simile â€Å" he looked like a distended hot – water bottle†, oxymoron â€Å" he was magnificently imbecile†, bright enumeration â€Å"he believed everything, he knew nothing, he could memorize nothing†. All these stylistic devises help to create the vivid image of Fatty, his appearance and foolish innocence. On the example of this character th e author shows stupid traditions and cruel behavior of the students.But still in every company there is such butt to whom â€Å"thoughtful house-mates† (irony again) like to play tricks. The metaphor â€Å"the living room suggested a recent cyclone† is the most suitable for the description of Digamma Pi. Then goes the enumeration of a great many of things that can be found there. Everything is used to show the way of life of students. Sinclair Lewis is a master of stylistic devises. His irony is vivid, his metaphor is bright, he forces the reader to think over the most burning problems of education and the lifestyle of students at the same time entertaining the public.

Cassius would have been a far better leader in the conspirac essays

Cassius would have been a far better leader in the conspirac essays In the play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, the conspirators movement to assassinate Caesar and to establish a new order where everyone is supposedly a freeman is headed by character Brutus. It is considered by many, that Cassius, Brutus' partner, but subsidiary in the movement would have served as a better leader. I completely agree with this assertion. In the play, Brutus is portrayed as being much too noble to effectively lead a conspiracy. He is almost never practical. However, Cassius possess a mind that sounds very practical. In fact, he is portrayed as so honorable, that had he himself been a general and conqueror, the Roman population would have viewed him as highly as they did Caesar. Brutus and Caesar were greatly alike on other things as well. For instance, both were of a greatly charitable nature and neither were "ambitious", although Brutus oftentimes appears in that light throughout the duration of the play. First, it is important to consider the differences between Cassius and Brutus to distinguish between them; what motives drove each man and what qualities of their characters would render them poor or appropriate leaders for a conspiracy. Cassius was covetous, ruthless and devilishly cunning. Brutus was nowhere near as intelligent as Cassius. He was also loyal, and inexperienced. After Caesar's assassination, Cassius had wanted to kill Mark Antony as well, and he did not hesitate to use any methods to finance the conspirators' military campaign. This clearly displays the practical mind that Cassius posses because Mark Antony soon turned out to cause tremendous harm to the lives of all conspirators. Brutus not only allowed for Mark Antony to live, but he also lets him speak to the public at Caesar's funeral. To add to this disgraceful err, he did not even stay at the funeral to listen to what Mark Antony had to say. This act of carelessness costs him his life in the end. ...

Free Essays on Military Ethics

One of the opening lines that stick out to me is that loyalty overwhelms all other values. Absolute loyalty is unethical. The first situation takes place in a military recruitment office. A man comes in saying he wants to be a soldier because he saw the movie â€Å"Rambo.† The recruiter says that he would accept this person and let him know that he will be subject to various tests both physical and emotional. It is also said that during Boot Camp the soldier-to-be will be â€Å"broken down.† The drill sergeant says â€Å"What I say is law,† and discipline is key. The soldier will be taught the proper chain of command and will learn to follow orders without asking questions. The soldier is also taught various means of killing the â€Å"enemy.† He feels that he has come to the military to protect and defend not to initiate aggression. He is told not to question and that there is a purpose for everything. The soldier approaches the chaplain because he is worried that killing people is wrong because the Bible tells him so. The chaplain would talk to him about what this verse means. Killing in war is different than pre-meditated murder. If your purpose is to protect and/or defend, God will forgive you, however, force is not to be used anytime one wishes. North Kosan attacks peaceful South Kosan. It is assumed that the military chain of command is notified. Troops will not cross the border without authority and reinforcements. Peter Jennings receives a report of the attack. He will rely on Washington for facts. It is ten minutes to airtime and he will air this information, however, he will say that he is unable to confirm the attack and will continue to report as events are verified. The general will not give information to the press for fear that it could be listened to by the enemy. He would talk to trusted reporters only so as not to be exploited. He wants to make sure that what is being accomplished is not wrongfully represented a... Free Essays on Military Ethics Free Essays on Military Ethics One of the opening lines that stick out to me is that loyalty overwhelms all other values. Absolute loyalty is unethical. The first situation takes place in a military recruitment office. A man comes in saying he wants to be a soldier because he saw the movie â€Å"Rambo.† The recruiter says that he would accept this person and let him know that he will be subject to various tests both physical and emotional. It is also said that during Boot Camp the soldier-to-be will be â€Å"broken down.† The drill sergeant says â€Å"What I say is law,† and discipline is key. The soldier will be taught the proper chain of command and will learn to follow orders without asking questions. The soldier is also taught various means of killing the â€Å"enemy.† He feels that he has come to the military to protect and defend not to initiate aggression. He is told not to question and that there is a purpose for everything. The soldier approaches the chaplain because he is worried that killing people is wrong because the Bible tells him so. The chaplain would talk to him about what this verse means. Killing in war is different than pre-meditated murder. If your purpose is to protect and/or defend, God will forgive you, however, force is not to be used anytime one wishes. North Kosan attacks peaceful South Kosan. It is assumed that the military chain of command is notified. Troops will not cross the border without authority and reinforcements. Peter Jennings receives a report of the attack. He will rely on Washington for facts. It is ten minutes to airtime and he will air this information, however, he will say that he is unable to confirm the attack and will continue to report as events are verified. The general will not give information to the press for fear that it could be listened to by the enemy. He would talk to trusted reporters only so as not to be exploited. He wants to make sure that what is being accomplished is not wrongfully represented a...

Sar and UTI and Serodiagnosis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sar and UTI and Serodiagnosis - Assignment Example SARS is prevented by maintain a high personal hygiene such washing hands before handling any food item or eating. Hands should be washed after touching public equipment such as elevators and handrails by way of running water. An environment with good ventilation, proper pest infestation prevention, and healthy lifestyle can be used to prevent SARS. The disease is cured through administration of antibiotics for treating pneumonia. A patient gets antiviral medications and steroids to lessen lung swelling. Blood semen is administered to a patient recovering from the disease (Chp.gov.hk, 2015). The outbreak of SARS in 2003 saw researchers and scientists in Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) work with WHOM. There were no deaths following the outbreak, but eight citizens had laboratory evidence of SARS-CoV infection after traveling to the parts of the world that where the disease had spread. CDC opened Emergency Operations Center to offer relentless coordination and response. Eight hundred medical staff and additional medical officers, epidemiologists and specialists serviced the center to conduct on-site investigations around the globe. Health alert notices were given to travelers in the event they were exposed to SARS (CDC, 2015). UTIs may be acquired in the hospital, community and exposure to neurological conditions (Phagetherapycenter.com, 2015). Community-acquired UTIs account for 70% of overall infections and is linked to Escherichia coli from the bowels of the patients. Hospital acquired UTIs are attributed to predisposition to instrument such as surgical urinary catheter. The instruments host Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococci bacteria and spread them to the patient. Hospital acquired UTIs manifest antibiotic resistance at times due to exposure to multiple organisms. In addition, neurological conditions such multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and spina bifida lead to UTIs. Primary

E-Business , E-Commerce and Information System Case Study

E-Business , E-Commerce and Information System - Case Study Example ips with the customers and the development of a better website will allow PharmQuip to gather useful customer data and retain the customers’ loyalty. The global healthcare equipment industry is anticipated to grow around 5% more till the year 2012. Therefore this is the best opportunity for the company to go global and increase its market share. The developing countries such as Pakistan, India and Malaysia are the most attractive markets because these markets are not concentrated, hence, the demand for healthcare equipment for the disabled will be much higher than in developed countries. NGOs have played another role in creating demand for healthcare equipment as 1500 jobs were created in India in 2005 for the handicaps. The physically challenged individuals who go to jobs or are living alone are the main target segment for PharQuip. Although the international expansion looks very attractive at first glance but it presents a number of issues. As the PharmQuip business will ent er the global arena, it will require more ICT resources and streamlining of the current processes to meet the demand of international healthcare retailers and chemists. The company will need to employ more security measures to enhance the current payment system for its B2B customers. Security of customer data and supplier information will also be needed and will require significant expenditure when the company goes global. A higher budget will be required to advertise and for the promotional strategy to be implemented in all the countries where the company will operate. The single greatest risk that the company faces is from the changes in technologies and introduction of lower cost healthcare equipment. New regulatory requirements can be introduced in the countries which can harm the business. Other risks are the changes in the market dynamics, introduction of alternatives to healthcare equipments and breakthroughs in biotechnologies which can cure the physical disabilities of the

Research Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Plan - Essay Example These trading companies, once in a foreign land, used to try influencing the ruling class in order to strengthen their business goals. Gradually these companies also succeeded in capturing power in those countries, thus giving rise to the practice of imperialism. This practice also led to many wars around the world resisting the imperialistic trends. But the recent trend is different from the imperialistic trends. Now the liberalisation policies have opened up the turf for competition from all around. With multinational companies reaching out to almost all parts of the world, the smaller domestic companies have started feeling the competition. To study this phenomenon we will; 2. How the e-business saga emerged in the developed world followed in quick succession by the developing world nations. Asian region and some of the so-called lesser developing nations have emerged as key players in this globalisation regime. E-Business or online business activities are closely linked to the process of industrialisation, computerisation, IT penetration and overall development of the country’s economy. Developed nations in the western world have played a leading role in such matters; therefore, it is quite natural that these economies played a key role in the development and proliferation of e-business activities. But as the profit margins started shrinking, the economies of scale coupled with the size of the available market started becoming major factors in carrying forward the e-business opportunities. The Asian region led by countries like China and India, with billions of population and an equally dependable IT infrastructure started attracting the multinational companies (MNCs). On the one hand these MNCs started depending on the Asian region for production of goods and services because of lower production costs, on the other hand the availability of huge market also became an

Founding Fathers of Psychology Essay Example for Free

Founding Fathers of Psychology Essay These four men that we are about to talk about are some of the, if not the most important people in psychology. One developed psychology as a school of thought and published the first book on the subject which opened the door for another to develop his theories. Years after the book came out another thinker was inspired to look into the human mind and this time with a more scientifically critical mind and approach, there was a common reason people had problem, he just was not positive what. This lead two of his students to move on and one focus on the individual versus what the majority has a problem with and made sure that treatment focused on them. The second looked more in depth into what naturally came into our subconscious and how that affected us and our development. These were the non-official founding fathers of psychology. This man never even practiced medicine yet, after graduating from Harvard he went on to become an influential person in psychology (Stone, 2000). In addition to many other things that William James did to help with the field of psychology, especially the psychological aspects of religion he also dabbled in the use of scientific methods to investigate the mostly untouched spiritual and psychic realm. He was also the first one to fight for psychology to be recognized as a science, everyone after him has him to thank for the distinction as a science (Croce, 2010). The way he fought was just a more unorthodox way of going about it, he did not even like to be called psychologist, in fact he preferred the term philosopher (Goodwin, 2008). He eventually developed a position that would become the foundation for the functional psychologists, this was known as pragmatism. This was based on the belief that a person had control over what they do and life changes those experiences. This lead to a book that would change the way people looked at psychology as something to take seriously, the Principles of Psychology became the first text book type publication on this subject which led to people like Sigmund Freud and others to develop their theories as well. Freud is one of the most famous of them all, when anyone thinks of psychology that has not looking in depth into its history will always think of Freud. Freud was not all the way people portray him either if something seemed to be too damaging for his patient it was stopped (Chessick, 2000). Psychoanalysis is hard on everyone on the situation because it digs deep into what makes a person act the way they do. Freud was said to have a unique approach to his patients for his time frame. He realized that when a person learns something new or experiences something new it does indeed change something about that person, he also knew that the past had something do with it and that there were layers of consciousness to a person that has an effect as well. He made them a part of their therapy and listened to what they wanted out of their therapy instead of dictating to them what they should do with themselves (Frank, 2008). He wanted his patients to be able to be free with themselves and learning their own hindrances that may keep them from doing something that they should be doing with themselves. He wanted them to be their own person and not held back by whatever has brought them to him. Freud himself focused more on assigning a general reason for people to behave the way they did which is what influenced his students to branch out. Alfred Adler joined Freud’s psychoanalytic movement in 1902, but he left the group in 1911 because of persistent disagreements with Freudian theory (Overholser, 2010). This approach that Adler created was called the Individualistic approach this approach focuses solely on the patient and what experiences have shaped them over the course of their life. This is one of the most in depth ways to psychoanalyze people, realizing the perceived flaw in Freud’s theory; he took a look at what made the individual unique and how that changed their human experience. This helps improve the one so that eventually that one will go out into society and become responsible for themselves and each other as good members of it. Adler continued to believe that Freud had made a point by looking back at ones childhood for answers but rather than focusing on the sexual root to the problem, he focused on the feelings that came out of a situation (Lafountain, 2009). For example, if one grew up afraid to take charge of situations because someone else always did it for them, they could have trouble later in life trying to be in charge of themselves or other people. After studying with Freud he went on to focus on how society affects an individual and how that individual functions in society. He believed there were three things a person needed to accomplish in life to be a healthy socially minded person. First is the task of finding how to survive, a job, maintaining ones house, the responsible things. Second is cooperating and being civil as well as respectful to society. Third are intimate relationships, having children, friends, a spouse. All three of these were crucial to being a normally functioning person in society (Lafountain, 2010). Basically a person is unique in nearly all aspects of their life and that needs to be taken into account in each and every case from psychology to teaching because not everyone is going to fit together well. Carl Jung, as with Adler was inspired and influenced by Freud in the early years of his career and as with that came the eventual disagreement and him going his separate way. He redefined some of terms that we are more familiar with today. He gave us the terms; introvert, extrovert, conscious, unconscious, collective unconscious, persona, archetype, and more importantly psyche. These were terms to simplify and classify different processes going on in the brain at any given moment, one of the other more important and less verifiable is the theory of collective unconsciousness, this is the belief that collectively humans have a psychological knowledge that they can draw on that is inherent in our genetic make-up (Carter, 2011). This was closely followed by the archetypes which without collective unconscious as a theory would not be feasible, the archetypes are what those thoughts are made up of in the collective unconscious, something like innate nature that says we are inherently supposed to fear things that would do us harm. Studying this brings out what is instinctual in humans versus what is something that they are aware of doing, much like Freud’s subconscious thought theory. Both agreed that there are things that are in humans that are unconscious and just happen and those needed to be studied and understood as well (Carter, 2010). Jungian followers believed that like Freud dreams had meaning but in Jung’s school this allowed the person analyzing the dreams to free associate the meaning based off of their own knowledge of mythology and life versus what would be from the person who is being analyzed own life. The thought was that collective unconscious would make the analyst come to the correct conclusion based on unconscious thoughts going back and forth between the two. These four individuals shaped psychology as what it is today, they both indirectly and directly influenced each other even when some of them never met and history has diminished their accomplishments. James started it all with the mind of a philosopher who enjoyed the concreteness of what science proved but also the mystery of what it left open. Freud was a philosopher who thought more as a scientist and therefore opened the idea that the brain has hidden information in it that needed to be discovered to learn what makes a person themselves. This led Jung and Adler to take his ideals and expand on them where they agreed and where they disagreed. Without them psychology would not be where it is today and you can see little bits of what they contributed throughout its history. . References  Carter, D. (2011). CARL JUNG IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY. Contemporary Review, 293(1703), 441. Chessick, R. D. (2000). Psychoanalysis at the Millennium. American Journal Of Psychotherapy, 54(3), 277. Croce, P. J. (2010). Reaching beyond Uncle William: A century of William James in theory and in life. History Of Psychology, 13(4), 351-377. doi:10. 1037/a0021106 Frank, G. (2008). A response to The relevance of Sigmund Freud for the 21st century. . Psychoanalytic Psychology, 25(2), 375-379. doi:10. 1037/0736-9735. 25. 2. 375 Goodwin, C. J. (2008). A History of Modern Psychology (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Lafountain, R. (2009). Alfred Adlers Place in the Field of Psychology. Washington, District of Columbia, US: APA Division 1, Society for General Psychology. Overholser, J. C. (2010). Psychotherapy that strives to encourage social interest: A simulated interview with Alfred Adler. Journal Of Psychotherapy Integration, 20(4), 347-363. doi:10. 1037/a0022033 Stone, A. A. (2000). Images in psychiatry: William James, 1842-1910. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(10), 1583-1583. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/220496188? accountid=35812.

A Pentadic Analysis of Two Pleas for Christian Unity :: Religion Christians Christianity Burke Papers

A Pentadic Analysis of Two Pleas for Christian Unity Introduction The prayer for Christian unity began with Christ, himself (John 1:21), and continues today. This essay proposes to examine two pleas for Christian unity using the rhetorical theory of Kenneth Burke. According to Em Griffin, "Kenneth Burke was the foremost rhetorician of the twentieth century. Burke wrote about rhetoric; other rhetoricians write about Burke" (319). Burke's theory seems especially relevant to the study of pleas for unity because of his focus on identification. For Burke, rhetoric is identification. "You persuade a man only insofar as you can talk his language by speech, gesture, tonality, order, image, attitude, idea, identifying your ways with his" (Rhetoric 55). Additionally, Burke equates identification with consubstantiality. "To identify A with B is to make A 'consubstantial' with B" (Rhetoric 21). The two calls for Christian unity to be analyzed are Thomas Campbell's "Declaration and Address" and E. Glenn Wagner's The Awesome Power of Shared Beliefs. Campbell's address is important because of its historical significance. "This document, which calls for Christian unity through a return to the clear and unambiguous teachings of the New Testament, in many ways chartered the course for the movement the Campbells led" (Hughes 11). Wagner's book is chosen because of the contemporary prominence of the Promise Keepers movement. This essay will proceed by explaining relevant aspects of Kenneth Burke's works, including the methodology to be used, applying the methodology to the two pleas, and discussing the results. Dramatism and the Pentad Burke saw life as a drama played out in our language. By examining the words of a person, you can determine his or her motives. Motives are grammatical creations which explain "what people are doing and why they are doing it" (Grammar x). Foss provides the following explanation: We use rhetoric to constitute and present a particular view of our situation, just as the presentation of a play creates a certain world or situation inhabited by characters who engage in actions in a setting. Through rhetoric, we size up situations and name their structures and outstanding ingredients. How we describe a situation indicates how we are perceiving it, the choices we see available to us, and the action we are likely to take in our situation. (456) The pentad is a the tool used to investigate motives. Burke writes, ". . . any complete statement about motives will offer some kind of answer to these five questions: what was done (act), when or where it was done (scene), who did it (agent), how he did it (agency), and why (purpose)" (Grammar x).

Movers and Shakers in Education Essay

Trailblazers in American Education There have been several individuals throughout America’s history who have helped develop, shape, advance, balance, and reform education to what it is today. America’s educational system has a rich background from its roots of one room school houses to our current system of education which offers an array of opportunities for students to obtain a public education. John Dewey John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform. Dewey is known as the founder of the progressive education movement. He argued that it was the job of education to encourage individuals to develop their full potential as human beings. Dewey’s educational theories were presented in a variety of books he authored. Several continuous themes ring true in most of Dewey’s books. They include his frequent argument that education and learning are social and interactive processes, thus school should be considered a social institution where social reform can and ought to take place. In addition, he believed that students thrive in an environment where they are allowed to experience and interact with the curriculum so all students should have the opportunity to take part in their own learning. He was especially critical of forms of memorization learning where repetition of facts and information was exercised. He argued that children should learn by experience. Rather than just gaining knowledge, Dewey believed that students should develop skills, habits and attitudes necessary for them to solve a wide variety of problems. Dewey’s legacy of the importance of experiential learning remains to this day. There are a number of schools across the United States that follow his theories and methods of teaching. [pic] Alvarez vs. The Board of Trustees of the Lemon Grove School District. The history of school desegregation legislation in the United States did not begin with the 1954 Supreme Court’s decision in the case of Brown vs. he Topeka school board, but rather in a rural community called Lemon Grove located in Southern California. It has recently been discovered that the earliest court cases concerning school desegregation occurred in the American Southwest in the 1930s. In these cases, Mexican immigrants and their communities were the targeted groups of segregation by school officials. A significant case during this era was the 1930 decision in Roberto Alvarez vs. the Board of Trustees of the Lemon Grove School District. This was the first successful school desegregation court decision in the history of the United States. It represents an instance when community members took court action and won their case, despite negative sentiment towards them, to ensure the rights of their children to receive an equal education, making it an important event in both San Diego and U. S. history. The case stands as a credit to the activism of San Diego’s Mexican community who used the public system of justice to ensure that not only Mexican-American children in California, but the rest of the United States had access to a quality education (Alvarez, Jr. , 1984). [pic] Science and Math Education Movement With the launching of Sputnik in October 1957, Americans became extremely fearful that the United States was falling behind in the areas of technology, science, and mathematics. Citizens of the United States feared that their country could see a shortage of trained teachers, engineers, and highly educated students in the near future if something was not done. In response to public pressure, the federal government passed the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) in 1958. The act supported efforts of academic specialists to revise curriculum according to the latest theories and methods. Improvements were made in all subject areas and institutes were held to train teachers in the use of new materials and methods (Webb, Metha, ; Jordan, 2010). In addition to enhancing the curriculum, the NDEA also funded programs that provided guidance, counseling, and testing programs for students. According to authors Webb, Metha, ; Jordan, the NDEA set the stage for the federal government’s increased involvement in education (2010). [pic] Out of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) of 1975 came the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 1990. These pieces of legislation were a result of the earlier Civil Rights Movement in Education during the 1960s where marginalized groups were fighting for justice and equality within the education system. The federal law, IDEA, was established in 1990. It applies to all children with disabilities from birth to age twenty-one. The statue defines â€Å"disabled children† as those with mental retardation, hearing impairments, emotional disturbance, orthopedic impairments, autism, traumatic brain injury, multiple disabilities, or specific learning disabilities. To receive services under the IDEA, a student must not only have a disability, but the condition also must affect the student’s education. The major principles included in the IDEA are: the right to a free and appropriate education, identification and nondiscriminatory evaluation, an individualized education program (IEP), least restrictive environment, and procedural due process (Webb, et al. , 2010). While the law has transformed and grown over the years, it remains evident in the classroom to this day. It has promoted research and technology development, details on transition programs for post high school students, and programs that educate children in their neighborhood schools instead of separate schools.

Australian Consumer Law Essay

It also provides safety and information standarts, establishes liabilities of manufactures and products. The law is continuously developing in order to protect customers against unfair practices of manufactures. In the past the remedies for dissatisfied customers were stated only in the common law, which was unable to provide sufficient protection. However, on 1 January, 2011 The Australian Consumer Law commenced , which was a big movement towards the provision of adequate protection of customers. It is elaborate law and it is applicable nationally, in all states and territories and also to Australian businesses. The Australia Consumer Law now includes: * a new, national unfair contract terms law covering standard form contracts; * a new, national law guaranteeing consumer rights when buying goods and services, which replaces existing laws on conditions and warranties; * a new, national product safety law and enforcement system; * a new, national law for unsolicited consumer agreements, which replaces existing State and Territory laws on door-to-door sales and other direct marketing; * simple national rules for lay-by agreements; and new penalties, enforcement powers and consumer redress options, which currently apply nationally. www. consumerlaw. gov. au) A contract is an agreement which is made between two or more parties and it must be enforced legally. A contruct is concluded when an offer is made by one party to another one and the other party accepts it. There is no particular definition for a ‘standard form contract’, however, standard form contract is usually made by one party and is not the subject of discussion between two parties. They are normally used for supply of goods and services to consumers in various industries. The contract is considered to be unfair if its terms are treated as if they have never existed. Under the Competition and Consumer Act(2010), a ‘consumer contract’ is a contract for: >the supply of goods or services or > the sale or grant of an interest in land to an individual who acquires it wholly or predominantly for personal, domestic or household use or consumption. Under Sch 2, s. 24(1) of the Act and s. 12BG of the ASIC Act, states that a term of a consumer contract is unfair if it: >would cause a significant imbalance in the parties’ rights and obligations arising under the contract and gt; is not reasonably necessary to protect the legitimate interests of the party who would be advantaged by the term and >would cause detriment (whether financial or otherwise) to a party if it were to be applied or relied on. All three limbs of the unfairness test must be proven, on the balance of probabilities, to exist for a court to decide that a term is unfair. The unfair contract terms laws for consumer goods and services are enforced by both Common wealth and state and territory consumer protection agencies. The courts determine whether the term of a contract is unfair and make decisions about the redress of loss or damage suffered by consumers. Sometimes tribunals can perform the same functions. In division 1 of Part 3-2 of the Australian Consumer Law can be found the rights of the consumer to guarantees, which are provided by manufactures and supplies about their goods and services. All goods must be of an acceptable quality which means that they are fit for a particular purpose for which they are supposed to be used, their appearance is good, they are without any defects and also safe and durable. The suppliers must fix the problems in goods if they do not meet a consumer guarantee even in case when there is no extended warranty or if the warranty has expired. Suppliers are also responsible for all promises made to consumers. â€Å"Express warranties† are often given by suppliers or manufactures, which means that they make additional promises about quality, characteristics, state and condition of their goods. For example, a supplier may tell the customer that the chair will last for 5 years, and that will mean that he/she guarantees that this good will satisfy this warranty. If this chair fails to meet consumers guarantee, then the consumer will have the right for a remedy. There exists another warranty which is called â€Å"warranty against defects†, which means that suppliers and manufactures guarantee that any defects in the product they provide will not appear during a particular period of time, otherwise they will be responsible for either its repair or replacement. A warranty against defects must be done in a written form. Also consumers can get any compensation, which will cover their loss. The explanation and codification of a more exact guarantee of â€Å"acceptable quality† as well as the provision of remedies for consumers are two of the most important changes that were introduced into the Australian Consumer Law and they make consumers guarantees more clear. As it was mentioned before, the Australian Law is moving to over protect consumers but until 1974 it was very difficult for a consumer to have remedy against anyone but the immediate supplier of defective goods. There was no remedy available to the consumer against third parties under contract law because no contractual relationship existed between them and the consumer (Gibson, Fraser, 2011). However, nowadays if consumer suffered any damage because of defective goods, the manufactures are strictly liable. If the manufacturer or the supplier fails to fulfill the guarantees as laid in the law then there can be civil penalties to the tune of $50,000 for the company and $10,000 in case of individual (Clark, 2011). The consumer may elect to sue either their immediate supplier or the manufacturer directly (Gibson, Fraser, 2011). The remedies which consumers can be provided by law can be found in Part 4-5 of the Australian Consumer Law where the remedy is dependent on the gravity of a breach. The manufacturer of defective goods that cause personal injury or damage may be liable to compensate an individual who is injured (section 138), an injured third party, such as bystander (section 139), a person for damage to personal, domestic or household goods( section 140) and a person for damage to land, buildings or fixtures( section 141) (Gibson, Fraser, 2011). There is a section 18 in the Australian Consumer Law, which prohibits conduct by a corporation that is misleading or deceptive. The law can be broken if the company affects consumers thoughts and prevents him/her from making reasonable decisions by providing untruthful information about the price, quality or value of goods and services in advertisement, statement, quotation, representation or promotion of the company. In this case the conduct of the business will be considered misleading and deceptive even if it was unintentional. For example, if a real estate agent wants to sell the property and tells the potential customer that his/her flat will be overlooking the park with a school nearby but in reality there is neither park, nor school. Consumer who suffered loss because of breach of section 18 can bring a civil action. Section 18 is a catch-all provision and does not require the conduct be deliberate, so there are no criminal penalties (Gibson, Fraser, 2011). There is also a number of other ‘unfair practices’ that are prohibited by the Australian Consumer Law such as offering gifts or prizes (section 32), misleading conduct as to the nature or manufacturing process of goods (section 33), misleading conduct regarding services (section 34), bait advertising (section 35), referral selling (section 49), accepting payment without intending to supply (section 36), coercion or harassment at place of residence (section 50), pyramid selling (sections 44-46), unsolicited credit cards (section 39), unsolicited goods and services (sections 40-41). These sections carry criminal penalties and civil remedies, therefore it must be established that the conduct was deliberate. The Australian Consumer Law introduces a national law on product safety. All goods have prescribed standard and it is prohibited to supply goods if they do not comply with this standard. The standards of product safety are related to such things as products performance, design, contents, its testing during and after manufacture process and also to the presence of necessary warnings and instructions, which help consumers to avoid risk of being injured. In the sections 195-204 offences related to supply of products that do not comply with a prescribed standard. Fines may be up to $1,1 million for a corporation and $220,000 for an individual, or civil pecuniary penalties up to similiar maximums. The Australian Consumer Law is improving and a number of changes were made related to the rights and remedies of consumers in order to provide them better protection. One of the reasons for the extension of consumer protection provisions is probably the aim to motivate companies to act fairly in their business. !!? But for this law to work it is also necessary that consumers are aware of their rights and that will prevent them from being misleaded by suppliers. References Australian Consumer Law, Commonwealth of Australia, 2010, viewed on 23d August, 2012. http://www. consumerlaw. gov. au/content/Content. aspx? doc=the_acl. htm Clarke J. 2011, Australian contract and Consumer Law, viewed on 23d August, 2012. http://www. australiancontractlaw. com Gibson A. , Fraser D. , Business Law, Pearson Australia, 2011, pp. 549-633.